VLO（Voltage Logic Onboard）:

When the motor drive chip L298N work , there are two voltage: logical voltage (5V) and motor voltage (such as 7.2 V, 9V or 12V). In order to convert the motor voltage of VEX terminal to 5V logic voltage, and this motor driven shield supply with a corresponding voltage transform circuit.
Because the voltage transform circuit's working voltage is restricted (less than 20V), so if motor is greater than 20V, then can not use this voltage transform circuit. The function of VLO switch is to choose the open status of logic transform circuit (switch to "ON") or the closed status of logic transform circuit(switch to "OFF").

(VLC) （Voltage Logic Connected）:

Besides L298N motor driven shield supply with a corresponding voltage transform circuit, you can also directly connect with Arduino's 5V logical voltage terminal to get 5v Voltage.
The function of VLC switch is used for L298N motor driven shield to choose the connection status with Arduino's 5V logical voltage terminal (switch to "ON") or break status with Arduino's 5V logical voltage terminal(switch to "OFF").

VM（Voltage Motor）：

The function of VM is used to choose motor voltage. When L298N motor driver Shield are connecting with Arduino . there are two ways to supply power to motor :
1、Through Vin pin of Arduino (switch to Vin)
2、Through VEX terminals of motor driven shield (switch to VEX).

Compared with Arduino, L298N motor driver shield can bear higher voltages and currents, so we must pay special attention to circuit connection. Here are some typical circuit connection modes for references :

1. Motor voltage is from 6v to 12 v

Generally speaking, Arduino can get power through external 6V - 12V transformer(Vin pins of Arduino), if your motor voltage just in this range, that you can just use this external power supply to supply power simultaneously for Arduino and motor. Then VLO, VLC and VM are set as below :

* VLO : OFF
* VLC : ON
* VM : VIN

 

2. Motor voltage is less than 6V

You can only supply powor to motor through VEX terminals and GND terminals of motor driven shield ,because the 5V voltage transform circuit of motor driven shield can not work (VEX voltage is too low), so we can only connect with 5V terminals of Arduino to supply 5V logical voltage for our motor shield. Then VLO, VLC and VM are set as below :

* VLO : OFF
* VLC : ON
* VM : VEX
 

 

3. Motor voltage is from 12V to 20V

You can only supply powor to motor through VEX terminals and GND terminals of motor driven shield ,but the 5V voltage transform circuit of motor driven shield can work . Then VLO, VLC and VM are set as below :

* VLO : ON
* VLC : OFF
* VM : VEX

 

4. Motor voltage is from 20V to 46V

You can only supply powor to motor through VEX terminals and GND terminals of motor driven shield ,because the 5V voltage transform circuit of motor driven shield can not work (VEX voltage is too high), so we can only connect with 5V terminals of Arduino to supply 5V logical voltage for our motor shield. Then VLO, VLC and VM are set as below :

* VLO : OFF
* VLC : ON
* VM : VEX

 

More information is the same as Arduino motor drive shield-L298N






Click to download the schematic diagram

Click to download the L298 Datasheet




 

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